Как измерить духовность? Обзор новых методик исследования духовности
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2023.109Аннотация
Несостоятельность универсализма теории секуляризации и рост присутствия религии в общественной жизни привели к появлению новой парадигмы в социологии религии, согласно которой религия не теряет своего социального значения, а трансформируется и видоизменяется. Происходит дифференциация религиозности и духовности, где последняя зачастую выступает как более широкий конструкт, включающий в себя понятие религиозности. В статье представлен аналитический обзор некоторых новейших подходов и результатов исследований, опубликованных в монографии «Измерение духовности в многоликом мире» под редакцией Э. Л. Ай, П. Винка и др. в 2021 г. и актуальных для дальнейшего применения данных методов в комплексном изучении духовности студенческой молодежи. В ходе исследования сообразно с новыми представлениями в социологии и психологии религии уточнено определение понятия «духовность», широко используемого в образовательной среде, а также проанализированы три новейших подхода к исследованию духовности, включающие исследование «новой» духовности, (не)духовности/(не)религиозности и духовности как части смысла жизни; выявлены потенциально слабые и сильные стороны этих подходов. Обзор новейших зарубежных теорий и методик в исследовании духовности, развивающихся в рамках социологии и психологии религии, вносит вклад в междисциплинарный обмен знаниями, приглашая исследователей из других гуманитарных областей к апробации имеющихся зарубежных методик в российском контексте.
Ключевые слова:
духовность, религиозность, социология религии, психология религии, студенческая молодежь
Скачивания
Данные скачивания пока недоступны.
Библиографические ссылки
References
Adams T. B., Bezner J. R., Drabbs M. E., Zambarano R. J., Steinhardt M. A. (2000) “Conceptualization and measurement of the spiritual and psychological dimensions of wellness in a college population”, in Journal of American College Health, vol. 44, pp. 165–173.
Ai L. A., Wink P., Paloutzian R. F., Harris K. A., eds (2021) Assessing spirituality in a diverse world. Switzerland, Springer.
Austin P., Macdonald J., MacLeod R. (2018) “Measuring spirituality and religiosity in clinical settings: A scoping review of available instruments”, in Measures of spirituality/religiosity. Ed. by A. Büssing, pp. 2–15. Basel; Beijing; Wuhan; Barcelona; Belgrade, MDPI Books.
Baring R., Sarmiento P. J., Sibug N., Lumanlan P., Bonus B., Samia C., Reysen S. (2018) “Filipino College students’ attitudes towards religion: An analysis of the underlying factors”, in Measures of spirituality/religiosity. Ed. by A. Büssing, pp. 102–115. Basel; Beijing; Wuhan; Barcelona; Belgrade, MDPI Books.
Bousso R. S., Serafim T., Misko M. D. (2010) “The relationship between religion, illness and death in life histories of family members of children with life-threatening diseases”, in Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 156–162.
Chandler C., Holden J., Kolander C. (1992) “Counseling for spiritual wellness: Theory and practice”, in Journal of Counseling and Development, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 168–175.
Coleman T. J. III, Jong J. (2021) “Counting the nonreligious: A critical review of new measures”, in Assessing spirituality in a diverse world. Eds L. A. Ai, P. Wink, R. F. Paloutzian, K. A. Harris, pp. 87–116. Switzerland, Springer.
Costin V., Vignoles V. L. (2020) “Meaning is about mattering: Evaluating coherence, purpose, and existential mattering as precursors of meaning in life judgments”, in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 118, no. 4, pp. 864–884.
Cragun R., Hammer J., Nielsen M. (2015) “The NonReligious-NonSpiritual Scale (NRNSS): Measuring everyone from atheists to Zionists”, in Science, Religion and Culture, vol. 2, pp. 36–53.
Danilyuk A., Kondakov A., Tishkova V., eds (2009) Concept of spiritual and moral development and education of Russian citizen’s personality. Мoscow, Prosveshchenie Publ. (In Russian)
Dennis D., Muller S. M., Miller K., Banerjee P. (2004) “Spirituality among a college student cohort: A quantitative assessment”, in American Journal of Health Education, vol. 35, pp. 220–227.
Eliade M. (1969) The quest: History and meaning in religion. The University of Chicago Press, 1969.
Fahlberg L. L., Fahlberg L. A. (1991) “Exploring spirituality and consciousness with an expanded science: Beyond the ego with empiricism, phenomenology, and contemplation”, in American Journal of Health Promotion, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 273–281.
Guryev N. D. (1990) About good and evil. Moscow, Prometei Publ. (In Russian)
Heelas P. (1996) The New Age movement: The celebration of the self and the sacralisation of modernity. Oxford, UK, Blackwell.
Heelas P., Woodhead L. (2005) The spiritual revolution: Why religion is giving way to spirituality. Oxford, UK, Blackwell.
Hill P. C., Hood R. W., Jr, eds (1999) Measures of religiosity. Birmingham, AL: Religious Education Press.
Houtman D., Heelas P., Achterberg P. (2012) “Counting spirituality? Survey methodology after the spiritual turn”, in Annual Review of the Sociology of Religion, vol. 3, pp. 25–44.
Houtman D., Tromp P. (2021) “The Post-Christian Spirituality Scale (PCSS): Misconceptions, obstacles, prospects”, in Assessing spirituality in a diverse world. Eds L. A. Ai, P. Wink, R. F. Paloutzian, K. A. Harris, pp. 35–57. Switzerland, Springer.
King P. E., Boyatzis C. J. (2004) “Exploring adolescent spiritual and religious development: Current and future theoretical and empirical perspectives”, in Applied Developmental Science, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 2–6.
Kolkunova K., Malevich T. (2014) “The notion of spirituality in modern Russian literature”, in Vestnik Pravoslavnogo Sviato-Tikhonovskogo gumanitarnogo universiteta. Ser. 1: Bogoslovie. Filosofiia. Religiovedenie, vol. 6, no. 56, pp. 72–88. (In Russian)
Lipka M., Gecewicz C. (2017) “More Americans now say they’re spiritual but not religious”, in Pew Research Center. Available at: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/09/06/more-americans-now-say-theyre-spiritual-but-not-religious (accessed: 15.09.2019).
MacConville U. (2006) “Mapping religion and spirituality in an Irish palliative care setting”, in Omega, vol. 51, no. 1–2, pp. 137–152.
Marianski J., Wargacki S. (2012) “New spirituality as a new social and cultural mega-tendency”, in Anglojęzyczny Suplement Przeglądu Religioznawczego, vol. 1, pp. 19–39.
Nartova-Bochaver S., Donat M., Rüprich C. (2019) “Subjective well-being from a just-world perspective: A multi-dimensional approach in a student sample”, in Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 10, art. 1739. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01739
Nesbit E. (2011) “Sikh diversity in the UK: Context and evolution”, in Sikh in Europe: Migration, identity and representation. Ed. by K. A. Jacobsen, K. Myrvold, pp. 225–252. Burlington, VT, Ashgate P.
Ng N. (2001) “Spirituality and theology. A review and perspective of their relationship”, in Theology, vol. 104, no. 818, pp. 115–122.
Nolan P., Crawford P. (1997) “Towards a rhetoric of spirituality in mental health care”, in Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol. 26, pp. 289–294.
Osin E. N. (2007) “Feeling of connectedness as a marker of psychological health and its diagnostics”, in Psikhologicheskaia diagnostika, vol. 3, pp. 22–40. (In Russian)
Ozhegov S. I., ed. (2011) Dictionary of the Russian language. Мoscow, Mir i obrazovanie Publ., Oniks Publ. (In Russian)
Pargament K. I., Exline J. J., Jones J. (2013) APA handbook in psychology: APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality. Vol. 1: Context, theory, and research. Washington, DC, American Psychological Association.
Pargament K. I., Koenig H. G., Tarakeshwar N., Hahn J. (2004) “Religious coping methods as predictors of psychological, physical and spiritual outcomes among medically ill elderly patients: A two-year longitudinal study”, in Journal of Health Psychology, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 713–730.
Park C. L., George L. S., Ai A. L. (2021) “Measuring three distinct aspects of meaning in life: The Multideminsional Existential Meaning Scale (MEMS)”, in Assessing spirituality in a diverse world. Eds L. A. Ai, P. Wink, R. F. Paloutzian, K. A. Harris, pp. 117–140. Switzerland, Springer.
Pourrat P. (1924) Christian spirituality in the Middle Ages. London, Burns Oates and Washbourne.
Roof W. C. (1993) A generation of seekers: The spiritual journeys of the baby boom generation. San Francisco, CA, Harper and Row.
Rutkevitch E. D. (2014) “‘Sociology of spirituality’: Problems of creation”, in Vestnik instituta sotsiologii, vol. 9, pp. 36–65. (In Russian)
Rutkevitch E. D. (2014) “From ‘religiosity’ to ‘spirituality’: The European context”, in Vestnik Rossiiskogo universiteta druzhby narodov, vol. 1, pp. 5–25. (In Russian)
Salsman J. M., Brown T. L., Bretching E. H., Carlson C. R. (2005) “The link between religion and spirituality and psychological adjustment: The mediating role of optimism and social support”, in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, vol. 31, pp. 522–535.
Shmonin D. V. (2002) “About Jesuit philosophy, or ‘Three grains of gold in the slag of scholasticism’”, in Voprosy filosofii, vol. 5, pp. 141–152. (In Russian)
Shmonin D. V. (2013) “The scholastic paradigm of education in the context of historical forms of translating the knowledge: Formulation of the problem”, in Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Ser. 17. Philosophy. Conflict studies. Culture studies. Religious studies, vol. 2, pp. 32–37. (In Russian)
Shmonin D. V. (2017) “‘Toledo principles’ and theology in school”, in Gosudarstbo, religiia, tserkov’ v Rossii i za rubezhom, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 72–88. (In Russian)
Starbuck E. D. (1899) The psychology of religion: An empirical study of the growth of religious consciousness. London, Cornell University Library.
Steger M. F., Frazier P., Oishi S., Kaler M. (2006) “The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life”, in Journal of Counseling Psychology, vol. 53, pp. 80–93.
Stepanova E. A. (2011) “New spirituality and old religions”, in Religiovedenie, vol. 1, pp. 127–134. (In Russian)
Ulyanov L. N. (1970) “Change of religiosity character”, in Towards society free from religion (Process of secularisation within socialist society). Ed. by P. K. Kurochkin, pp. 160–188. Мoscow, Mysl’ Publ. (In Russian)
Uzlaner D. (2019) The end of religion? A history of the theory of secularization. Moscow, Izdatel’skii dom Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki Publ. (In Russian)
Van der Veer P. (2009) “Spirituality in modern society”, in Social Research, vol. 76, no. 4, pp. 1097–1120.
Warner R. S. (1994) “Work in progress toward a new paradigm for the sociological study of religion in the United States”, in American Journal of Sociology, vol. 98, pp. 1044–1093.
Woodhead L. (2009) “Old, new, and emerging paradigms in the sociological study of religion”, in Nordic Journal of Religion and Society, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 103–121.
Zadorin I. V., Khomyakova A. P. (2019) “Religious self-identification of respondents in mass surveys: What is behind declared religiosity?”, in Politiia, vol. 3, no. 94, pp. 161–184. (In Russian)
Загрузки
Опубликован
22.03.2023
Выпуск
Раздел
Теология и образование
Лицензия
Статьи журнала «Вопросы теологии» находятся в открытом доступе и распространяются в соответствии с условиями Лицензионного Договора с Санкт-Петербургским государственным университетом, который бесплатно предоставляет авторам неограниченное распространение и самостоятельное архивирование.
