The relations of the church and the state in the Russian public polemic in the 1870–1890s

Authors

  • Ksenia V. Vorozhikhina Institute of Philosophy of Russian Academy of Sciences, 12, Goncharnaya ul., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2019.404

Abstract

The article examines different points of view on the relations between the Church and the state, expressed by thinkers, publicists and public figures of the second half of the 19th century. Slavophiles (A. A. Kireev) believed that during the reign of Emperor Alexander III, the Slavophile idea must win and become state ideology. The existing system of control over the church provoked a polemic concerning the role of the church in the life of the state and society. Bureaucratic nationalists — K. P. Pobedonostsev and M. N. Katkov — adhered to the position of “cesaropapism”,  believing that the Church should serve the state in order to increase its power. The “papocesarists” (K. N. Leontiev, T. I. Filippov, and V. S. Solovyov), believed that the goals of the Church cannot be limited by national interests and concern ultimately spiritual rather than political tasks (in Soloviev’s opinion, the church and political spheres merge into theocracy). Metropolitan Anthony (Khrapovitsky) is the voice of the Byzantine Orthodox tradition, according to which absolute and sacred monarchical power harmoniously co-exists with the Church, headed by a patriarch, as two natures in Christ.

Keywords:

symphony of authorities, state church, theocracy, nationality, slavophilism, Russian idea

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
 

References


References

Dostoevskii F. M. (1984) Complete Works: in 30 vols. Vol. 27. Leningrad, Nauka Publ. (In Russian)

Fetisenko O. L. (ed.) (2012) Prophets of Byzantism: Correspondence between K. N. Leontiev and T. I. Filippov. St. Petersburg, Pushkinskii dom Publ. (In Russian)

Firsov S. L. (ed.) (1996) K. P. Pobedonostsev: pro et contra. The personality, socio-political activity and worldview of Konstantin Pobedonostsev in the assessment of Russian thinkers and researchers. Anthology. St. Petersburg, RHGA Press. (In Russian)

Keidan V. I. (ed.) (2018) Seeking Hail. Chronicle of Russian literary, religious-philosophical and socio-political movements in private letters and diaries of their participants, 1829–1923. Anthology. Vol. I: 1829–1900. Moscow, Modest Kolerov Publ. (In Russian)

Kotov A. E. (2016) The Tsar’s Way by Mikhail Katkov: The ideology of bureaucratic nationalism in political journalism of the 1860–1890s. St. Petersburg, Vladimir Dal’ Publ. (In Russian)

Leontiev K. N. (2004) Notes of a Hermit. Moscow, AST Publ. (In Russian)

Leontiev K. N. (1992) Notes of the Hermit. Khar’kov, Folio Publ. (In Russian)

Maksimovich K. A. (2007) “Justinian I’s Church Novels in a Modern Russian Translation”, in Vestnik PSTGU, I: Bogoslovie. Filosofija, vol. 17, pp. 27–44.

Mitropolit Antonii (Hrapovitskii) (2007). Collection of Works, vol. 2. Moscow, Dar Publ. (In Russian)

Nakamura Kjennoske (2000) “Vladimir Soloviev and Nicholas of Japan”, in Voprosy literatury, no. 6, pp. 370–372.

Soloviev S. M. (1997) Vladimir Solovyov. Life and Creative Evolution. Moscow, Respublika Publ. (In Russian)

Soloviev V. S. (1909) Letters, vol. 2. St Petersburg: Obshchestvennaia pol’za Publ. (In Russian)

Soloviev V. S. (1966) “On Spiritual Authority in Russia”, in Soloviev V. S. Sobranie sochinenii, vol. 3, pp. 227–242. Brussels, Zhizn’ s Bogom Publ. (In Russian)

Soloviev V. S. (1966) “Slavophilism and its degeneration”, in Soloviev, V. S. Sobranie sochinenii, vol. 5, pp. 181–244. Brussels, Zhizn’ s Bogom Publ. (In Russian)

Soloviev V. S. (1969) “Russian Idea”, in Soloviev V. S. Sobranie sochinenii, vol. 11, pp. 89–118. Brussels, Zhizn’ s Bogom Publ. (In Russian)

Soloviev V. S. (1888) L’idée russe. Paris, Perrin.

Soloviev V. S. (1889) La Russie et l’Eglise universelle. Paris, Albert Savine.

Tikhomirov L. A. (2000) Shadows of the Past. Memories, ed. M. B. Smolin. Moscow, Zhurnal “Moskva” Publ. (In Russian)

Tsimbaeva E. N. (2015) Russian Catholicism: The idea of pan-European Unity in Russia of the 19th century. Moscow, LKI Publ. (In Russian)

Vl. Soloviev: pro et contra. The personality and work of Vladimir Soloviev in the assessment of Russian thinkers and researchers. Anthology (2002), vol. 2. St. Petersburg, RHGA Press. (In Russian)

Вопросы теологии, Том 1, № 4, 2019

Downloads

Published

2020-01-15

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 4 (2019)

Section

Research

License

Articles of "Issues of Theology" are open access distributed under the terms of the License Agreement with Saint Petersburg State University, which permits to the authors unrestricted distribution and self-archiving free of charge.